Expert TA: College Physics 2e
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Table of Contents

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Topic Page #
Chapter 1 – Introduction: The Nature of Science and Physics
1.1 – Physics: An Introduction 5-15
1.2 – Physical Quantities and Units 15-23
1.3 – Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures 23-29
1.4 – Approximation 29-31
Chapter 2 – Kinematics
2.1 – Displacement 37-40
2.2 – Vectors, Scalars, and Coordinate Systems 40-42
2.3 – Time, Velocity, and Speed 42-47
2.4 – Acceleration 47-58
2.5 – Motion Equations for Constant Acceleration in One Dimension 58-69
2.6 – Problem-Solving Basics for One-Dimensional Kinematics 69-71
2.7 – Falling Objects 71-80
2.8 – Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion 80-87
Chapter 3 – Two-Dimensional Kinematics
3.1 – Kinematics in Two Dimensions: An Introduction 99-102
3.2 – Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods 102-111
3.3 – Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods 111-117
3.4 – Projectile Motion 117-126
3.5 – Addition of Velocities 126-134
Chapter 4 – Dynamics: Force and Newton’s Laws of Motion
4.1 – Development of Force Concept 147-150
4.2 – Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia 150-151
4.3 – Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System 151-157
4.4 – Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Symmetry in Forces 157-161
4.5 – Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces 161-170
4.6 – Problem-Solving Strategies 170-172
4.7 – Further Applications of Newton’s Laws of Motion 172-179
4.8 – Extended Topic: The Four Basic Forces—An Introduction 179-184
Chapter 5 – Further Applications of Newton’s Laws: Friction, Drag, and Elasticity
5.1 – Friction 197-204
5.2 – Drag Forces 204-209
5.3 – Elasticity: Stress and Strain 209-219
Chapter 6 – Uniform Circular Motion and Gravitation
6.1 – Rotation Angle and Angular Velocity 227-232
6.2 – Centripetal Acceleration 232-235
6.3 – Centripetal Force 235-240
6.4 – Fictitious Forces and Non-inertial Frames: The Coriolis Force 240-244
6.5 – Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation 244-251
6.6 – Satellites and Kepler’s Laws: An Argument for Simplicity 252-257
Chapter 7 – Work, Energy, and Energy Resources
7.1 – Work: The Scientific Definition 269-272
7.2 – Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem 273-278
7.3 – Gravitational Potential Energy 278-283
7.4 – Conservative Forces and Potential Energy 284-287
7.5 – Nonconservative Forces 288-293
7.6 – Conservation of Energy 293-297
7.7 – Power 297-302
7.8 – Work, Energy, and Power in Humans 302-306
7.9 – World Energy Use 306-309
Chapter 8 – Linear Momentum and Collisions
8.1 – Linear Momentum and Force 323-326
8.2 – Impulse 326-329
8.3 – Conservation of Momentum 329-333
8.4 – Elastic Collisions in One Dimension 333-336
8.5 – Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension 336-340
8.6 – Collisions of Point Masses in Two Dimensions 340-344
8.7 – Introduction to Rocket Propulsion 344-347
Chapter 9 – Statics and Torque
9.1 – The First Condition for Equilibrium 357-359
9.2 – The Second Condition for Equilibrium 359-364
9.3 – Stability 364-368
9.4 – Applications of Statics, Including Problem-Solving Strategies 368-372
9.5 – Simple Machines 372-376
9.6 – Forces and Torques in Muscles and Joints 376-381
Chapter 10 – Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum
10.1 – Angular Acceleration 391-396
10.2 – Kinematics of Rotational Motion 397-402
10.3 – Dynamics of Rotational Motion: Rotational Inertia 402-407
10.4 – Rotational Kinetic Energy: Work and Energy Revisited 407-415
10.5 – Angular Momentum and Its Conservation 415-421
10.6 – Collisions of Extended Bodies in Two Dimensions 421-425
10.7 – Gyroscopic Effects: Vector Aspects of Angular Momentum 426-428
Chapter 11 – Fluid Statics
11.1 – What Is a Fluid? 439-441
11.2 – Density 441-444
11.3 – Pressure 444-446
11.4 – Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid 446-450
11.5 – Pascal’s Principle 450-453
11.6 – Gauge Pressure, Absolute Pressure, and Pressure Measurement 453-457
11.7 – Archimedes’ Principle 457-464
11.8 – Cohesion and Adhesion in Liquids: Surface Tension and Capillary Action 464-473
11.9 – Pressures in the Body 473-478
Chapter 12 – Fluid Dynamics and Its Biological and Medical Applications
12.1 – Flow Rate and Its Relation to Velocity 489-493
12.2 – Bernoulli’s Equation 493-498
12.3 – The Most General Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation 498-501
12.4 – Viscosity and Laminar Flow; Poiseuille’s Law 501-509
12.5 – The Onset of Turbulence 509-513
12.6 – Motion of an Object in a Viscous Fluid 513-517
12.7 – Molecular Transport Phenomena: Diffusion, Osmosis, and Related Processes 518-528
Chapter 13 – Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas Laws
13.1 – Temperature 529-536
13.2 – Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids 537-544
13.3 – The Ideal Gas Law 544-551
13.4 – Kinetic Theory: Atomic and Molecular Explanation of Pressure and Temperature 551-558
13.5 – Phase Changes 559-563
13.6 – Humidity, Evaporation, and Boiling 563-568
Chapter 14 – Heat and Heat Transfer Methods
14.1 – Heat 577-579
14.2 – Temperature Change and Heat Capacity 579-585
14.3 – Phase Change and Latent Heat 585-592
14.4 – Heat Transfer Methods 592-593
14.5 – Conduction 593-599
14.6 – Convection 599-604
14.7 – Radiation 604-610
Chapter 15 – Thermodynamics
15.1 – The First Law of Thermodynamics 623-629
15.2 – The First Law of Thermodynamics and Some Simple Processes 629-637
15.3 – Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines and Their Efficiency 637-643
15.4 – Carnot’s Perfect Heat Engine: The Second Law of Thermodynamics Restated 644-648
15.5 – Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Pumps and Refrigerators 648-653
15.6 – Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Disorder and the Unavailability of Energy 653-661
15.7 – Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Underlying Explanation 661-666
Chapter 16 – Oscillatory Motion and Waves
16.1 – Hooke’s Law: Stress and Strain Revisited 677-682
16.2 – Period and Frequency in Oscillations 682-684
16.3 – Simple Harmonic Motion: A Special Periodic Motion 684-689
16.4 – The Simple Pendulum 689-691
16.5 – Energy and the Simple Harmonic Oscillator 691-694
16.6 – Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion 694-697
16.7 – Damped Harmonic Motion 697-701
16.8 – Forced Oscillations and Resonance 701-704
16.9 – Waves 704-707
16.10 – Superposition and Interference 707-713
16.11 – Energy in Waves: Intensity 713-716
Chapter 17 – Physics of Hearing
17.1 – Sound 725-728
17.2 – Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength 728-732
17.3 – Sound Intensity and Sound Level 732-738
17.4 – Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms 738-743
17.5 – Sound Interference and Resonance: Standing Waves in Air Columns 743-750
17.6 – Hearing 750-756
17.7 – Ultrasound 757-765
Chapter 18 – Electric Charge and Electric Field
18.1 – Static Electricity and Charge: Conservation of Charge 773-779
18.2 – Conductors and Insulators 780-783
18.3 – Coulomb’s Law 783-785
18.4 – Electric Field: Concept of a Field Revisited 786-788
18.5 – Electric Field Lines: Multiple Charges 788-792
18.6 – Electric Forces in Biology 792-793
18.7 – Conductors and Electric Fields in Static Equilibrium 793-797
18.8 – Applications of Electrostatics 797-803
Chapter 19 – Electric Potential and Electric Field
19.1 – Electric Potential Energy: Potential Difference 817-824
19.2 – Electric Potential in a Uniform Electric Field 824-828
19.3 – Electrical Potential Due to a Point Charge 828-830
19.4 – Equipotential Lines 830-832
19.5 – Capacitors and Dielectrics 833-841
19.6 – Capacitors in Series and Parallel 841-845
19.7 – Energy Stored in Capacitors 845-847
Chapter 20 – Electric Current, Resistance, and Ohm’s Law
20.1 – Current 857-864
20.2 – Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Simple Circuits 864-866
20.3 – Resistance and Resistivity 866-872
20.4 – Electric Power and Energy 872-875
20.5 – Alternating Current versus Direct Current 875-880
20.6 – Electric Hazards and the Human Body 880-885
20.7 – Nerve Conduction–Electrocardiograms 885-892
Chapter 21 – Circuits and DC Instruments
21.1 – Resistors in Series and Parallel 903-913
21.2 – Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage 913-922
21.3 – Kirchhoff’s Rules 922-927
21.4 – DC Voltmeters and Ammeters 927-931
21.5 – Null Measurements 931-934
21.6 – DC Circuits Containing Resistors and Capacitors 934-939
Chapter 22 – Magnetism
22.1 – Magnets 953-956
22.2 – Ferromagnets and Electromagnets 956-960
22.3 – Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Field Lines 960-961
22.4 – Magnetic Field Strength: Force on a Moving Charge in a Magnetic Field 961-964
22.5 – Force on a Moving Charge in a Magnetic Field: Examples and Applications 964-968
22.6 – The Hall Effect 968-971
22.7 – Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor 971-973
22.8 – Torque on a Current Loop: Motors and Meters 973-977
22.9 – Magnetic Fields Produced by Currents: Ampere’s Law 977-981
22.10 – Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Conductors 981-983
22.11 – More Applications of Magnetism 983-987
Chapter 23 – Electromagnetic Induction, AC Circuits, and Electrical Technologies
23.1 – Induced Emf and Magnetic Flux 1003-1006
23.2 – Faraday’s Law of Induction: Lenz’s Law 1007-1010
23.3 – Motional Emf 1010-1013
23.4 – Eddy Currents and Magnetic Damping 1013-1017
23.5 – Electric Generators 1017-1021
23.6 – Back Emf 1021-1022
23.7 – Transformers 1022-1027
23.8 – Electrical Safety: Systems and Devices 1027-1031
23.9 – Inductance 1031-1036
23.10 – RL Circuits 1036-1038
23.11 – Reactance, Inductive and Capacitive 1038-1042
23.12 – RLC Series AC Circuits 1042-1048
Chapter 24 – Electromagnetic Waves
24.1 – Maxwell’s Equations: Electromagnetic Waves Predicted and Observed 1063-1066
24.2 – Production of Electromagnetic Waves 1067-1070
24.3 – The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1070-1086
24.4 – Energy in Electromagnetic Waves 1086-1088
Chapter 25 – Geometric Optics
25.1 – The Ray Aspect of Light 1097-1099
25.2 – The Law of Reflection 1099-1102
25.3 – The Law of Refraction 1102-1108
25.4 – Total Internal Reflection 1108-1113
25.5 – Dispersion: The Rainbow and Prisms 1114-1118
25.6 – Image Formation by Lenses 1118-1132
25.7 – Image Formation by Mirrors 1132-1140
Chapter 26 – Vision and Optical Instruments
26.1 – Physics of the Eye 1151-1156
26.2 – Vision Correction 1156-1161
26.3 – Color and Color Vision 1161-1165
26.4 – Microscopes 1165-1171
26.5 – Telescopes 1171-1175
26.6 – Aberrations 1175-1177
Chapter 27 – Wave Optics
27.1 – The Wave Aspect of Light: Interference 1185-1187
27.2 – Huygens’s Principle: Diffraction 1187-1190
27.3 – Young’s Double Slit Experiment 1190-1195
27.4 – Multiple Slit Diffraction 1195-1198
27.5 – Single Slit Diffraction 1198-1202
27.6 – Limits of Resolution: The Rayleigh Criterion 1202-1207
27.7 – Thin Film Interference 1207-1212
27.8 – Polarization 1212-1221
27.9 – *Extended Topic* Microscopy Enhanced by the Wave Characteristics of Light 1221-1224
Chapter 28 – Special Relativity
28.1 – Einstein’s Postulates 1237-1241
28.2 – Simultaneity And Time Dilation 1241-1247
28.3 – Length Contraction 1248-1252
28.4 – Relativistic Addition of Velocities 1252-1258
28.5 – Relativistic Momentum 1258-1260
28.6 – Relativistic Energy 1260-1268
Chapter 29 – Quantum Physics
29.1 – Quantization of Energy 1277-1281
29.2 – The Photoelectric Effect 1281-1284
29.3 – Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 1284-1292
29.4 – Photon Momentum 1292-1296
29.5 – The Particle-Wave Duality 1296-1297
29.6 – The Wave Nature of Matter 1297-1301
29.7 – Probability: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 1301-1306
29.8 – The Particle-Wave Duality Reviewed 1306-1309
Chapter 30 – Atomic Physics
30.1 – Discovery of the Atom 1319-1321
30.2 – Discovery of the Parts of the Atom: Electrons and Nuclei 1322-1329
30.3 – Bohr’s Theory of the Hydrogen Atom 1329-1336
30.4 – X Rays: Atomic Origins and Applications 1336-1342
30.5 – Applications of Atomic Excitations and De-Excitations 1342-1351
30.6 – The Wave Nature of Matter Causes Quantization 1352-1354
30.7 – Patterns in Spectra Reveal More Quantization 1354-1357
30.8 – Quantum Numbers and Rules 1357-1362
30.9 – The Pauli Exclusion Principle 1362-1369
Chapter 31 – Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics
31.1 – Nuclear Radioactivity 1379-1384
31.2 – Radiation Detection and Detectors 1384-1387
31.3 – Substructure of the Nucleus 1388-1392
31.4 – Nuclear Decay and Conservation Laws 1392-1399
31.5 – Half-Life and Activity 1399-1405
31.6 – Binding Energy 1405-1410
31.7 – Tunneling 1410-1412
Chapter 32 – Medical Applications of Nuclear Physics
32.1 – Diagnostics and Medical Imaging 1423-1428
32.2 – Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation 1428-1436
32.3 – Therapeutic Uses of Ionizing Radiation 1436-1438
32.4 – Food Irradiation 1438-1439
32.5 – Fusion 1439-1445
32.6 – Fission 1445-1451
32.7 – Nuclear Weapons 1451-1456
Chapter 33 – Particle Physics
33.1 – The Yukawa Particle and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Revisited 1467-1470
33.2 – The Four Basic Forces 1470-1472
33.3 – Accelerators Create Matter from Energy 1472-1476
33.4 – Particles, Patterns, and Conservation Laws 1476-1482
33.5 – Quarks: Is That All There Is? 1482-1489
33.6 – GUTs: The Unification of Forces 1489-1493
Chapter 34 – Frontiers of Physics
34.1 – Cosmology and Particle Physics 1503-1512
34.2 – General Relativity and Quantum Gravity 1512-1518
34.3 – Superstrings 1518-1518
34.4 – Dark Matter and Closure 1519-1523
34.5 – Complexity and Chaos 1523-1525
34.6 – High-temperature Superconductors 1525-1527
34.7 – Some Questions We Know to Ask 1527-1529
Appendices
Appendix A Atomic Masses 1537-1548
Appendix B Selected Radioactive Isotopes 1549-1552
Appendix C Useful Information 1553-1558
Appendix D Glossary of Key Symbols and Notation 1559-1574